Influenza A

What is Influenza A?

Influenza A is a highly contagious virus that primarily affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. It tends to be the most widespread strain during flu season. Children are at higher risk of contracting the virus because of their developing immune systems and frequent close contact with other children in schools and daycare settings.

Influenza A can cause more severe symptoms and complications than the common cold.  

Symptoms of Influenza A in Children

They often come on suddenly and can vary from mild to severe. Common signs include:

• Fever: Often high (100.4°F or higher) This year we are seeing 5-6 days of fever commonly!

• Cough: Dry or productive 

• Sore throat

• Body aches: This can make children feel tired and weak.

• Fatigue: Extreme tiredness is common and can last several days.

• Runny or stuffy nose

• Headache

• Chills and sweats

• Loss of appetite

In some cases, children might also experience stomach symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While most children will recover from within a week or two, there are situations where parents should seek immediate medical attention. These include:

• Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing

• Bluish skin color 

• Persistent high fever that doesn't respond to medication

• Severe headache or stiff neck

• Severe vomiting or diarrhea leading to dehydration

• Confusion or difficulty waking up

• Those with underlying health conditions or in the very young (under age 2), as they are more susceptible to complications like pneumonia and dehydration.

Treatment: 

Most children with Influenza A will recover at home with supportive care. 

Rest

Fluids: Ensuring they stay hydrated

Fever-reducing medications: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) can help manage fever and discomfort. Always follow dosing guidelines carefully and never give aspirin to children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.

In some cases, doctors may prescribe antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir (Tamiflu), to reduce the severity and duration of the flu. These medications are most effective when started within the first 48 hours of symptom onset, so it's important to consult a doctor early on.

Complications in Children:

While many children will recover from Influenza A without any problems, some will have complications. If your child is worsening in a few days, call your doctor.

• Pneumonia: A bacterial or viral infection that can develop after the flu, leading to severe respiratory issues.

• Dehydration: Fever, vomiting, and diarrhea can cause fluid loss, which may require medical intervention in more severe cases.

• Ear infections: Influenza can sometimes cause secondary bacterial infections, including ear infections, particularly in younger children.